Uterine polyps [Endometrial Polyps] are benign (non-cancerous) growths that develop on the inner wall of the uterus. They are usually small in size but can vary upto a few centimetres. Polyps generally do not casue any symptoms. Sometimes they can lead to irregular bleeding or spotting between periods and may impact fertility. They are typically seen in women over 40 years but can occur at any age.
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- Pedunculated Polyps [Attached to the uterus by a thin stalk]
- Sessile Polyps [Attached by a broad base to the Uterine wall]
- Cervical Polyps [Form in the Cervical canal]
Symptoms of Uterine Polyps vary depending on the size and type of polyp. They can cause heavy bleeding, irregular periods or spotting between periods. In some cases, Polyps can lead to fertility issues. Symptoms can also include pain, discomfort during intercourse.
Hormonal factors play a major role in causing Uterine Polyps. Polyps are Estrogen-sensitive. Higher estrogen levels can stimulate the uterine lining to grow excessively, leading to Polyp formation. Other risk factors include age (over 40), obesity and high blood pressure. Previous cervical or uterine infections also pose risk of developing polyps.
Most uterine polyps are benign and pose minimal risk. However, larger or multiple polyps can lead to heavy bleeding, irregular menstruation and reduced fertility. In very rare cases, polyps may contain abnormal (precancerous) cells, potentially increasing the risk of cancer, especially in post menopausal women.
Diagnosis of polyps is made by an ultrasound scan or by hysteroscopy, where a tiny camera is used to visualise uterus directly. A biopsy can be taken during hysteroscopy to rule out any malignant changes.
Larger polyps may require treatment, especially if they interfere with periods or fertility. Hormonal treatments help reduce the size of the polyps. Some larger symptomatic polyps may require surgical hysteroscopic removal.
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FAQ's ON #UTERINEPOLYPS
WHAT ARE UTERINE POLYPS?
These are non-cancerous growths on the uterine wall, related to hormonal changes (mainly estrogen). They can cause irregular bleeding and in some cases, fertility issues
CAN POLYPS CAUSE INFERTILITY?
Larger polyps might block the cervix or interfere with the uterine lining, affecting fertility
WHAT CAUSES UTERINE POLYPS?
Hormonal factors, especially high estrogen levels stimulate Polyp growth. Age, obesity and certain medications may also increase the risk of Polyps
CAN UTERINE POLYPS TURN INTO CANCER?
Most Uterine Polyps are benign, although some may develop precancerous cells
HOW ARE UTERINE POLYPS TREATED?
Small Polyps may resolve on their own. Larger ones might need treatment with hormonal therapy. Some might warrant surgical removal. Doctor Sumana & the team at Atharv Women Care & Fertility Centre will help recommend the ideal treatment and with care
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